Overview
The old Mauritanian ouguiya (MRO) was the currency of Mauritania until 2017, when it was replaced by the new ouguiya (MRU) at a rate of 10:1. It was unique for being divided into 5 khoums rather than the usual 100 subdivision.
Economy
- Mauritania (historical) is a member of AU, Arab League, AMU, OIC, G-77.
- Main industries include: Fish processing, Oil production, Mining of iron ore, Gold, Copper, Gypsum.
- Mauritania (historical) is part of the World Trade Organization.
- Imports are machinery, petroleum products, capital goods, foodstuffs, consumer goods.
- Major exports include iron ore, fish and fish products, gold, copper, petroleum.
- GDP: Historical data (2017): $5.2 billion.
- GDP per capita: Historical data (2017): $1,274.
- Unemployment rate: Historical data (2017): 10.2%.
- Inflation rate: Historical data (2017): 2.3%.
- Main trading partners: European Union, China, Japan, Russia, Brazil, Spain.
- Trade agreements: Limited trade agreements, Various bilateral agreements.
History
- Previous currencies used: CFA franc, French franc.
- The ouguiya was introduced in 1973, replacing the CFA franc. It was redenominated in 2017 (10:1) and became the new ouguiya (MRU), making MRO a discontinued currency.
- 1973: MRO introduced, replacing CFA franc
- 1974: Central Bank of Mauritania established
- 1992: Second series banknotes introduced
- 2009: Discovery of oil reserves
- 2017: Currency redenomination (10:1), MRO discontinued
- Exchange rate peg: Free floating (historical).
General Information
- ISO 4217 Code: MRO
- Symbols: MRO/UM
- Currency Subunits: 5 khoums
- Central Bank: Central Bank of Mauritania (historical monetary authority)
- Monetary Policy: Historical: Managed floating exchange rate. Currency was redenominated in 2017 due to practical difficulties with large denominations.
- Bills: 100 MRO, 200 MRO, 500 MRO, 1000 MRO, 2000 MRO, 5000 MRO
- Coins: 1 khoum, 1 ouguiya, 5 ouguiya, 10 ouguiya, 20 ouguiya
- USD Exchange Rate: Historical (2017): 365 MRO per USD
- Pegged To: None (Floating)
- Capital: Nouakchott
- Population: 4,736,139 (2023 est.)
- Area: 1,030,700 km²
- Languages: Arabic (official), Pular, Soninke, Wolof, French
- Time Zones: UTC+0 (Greenwich Mean Time)
- Government Type: Presidential republic
- Head of Government: President (head of state and government)
- Independence: November 28, 1960 (from France)
- Ethnic Groups: Moor 30%, Moor/Black African 40%, Black African 30%
- Religions: Muslim 100%
- Literacy Rate: 67% (2017 est.)
- Transport: Nouakchott International Airport, limited road network, railway for iron ore transport, Atlantic ports
- Communications: Basic telecommunications, 63% internet penetration, mobile network coverage
- Energy: Fossil fuels 88%, Hydroelectric 12%, developing renewable energy projects
- Countries Using This Currency: Mauritania (historical)
- Data Sources: Central Bank: Central Bank of Mauritania (historical data, now uses MRU), Economic Data: National Statistical Office Mauritania, World Bank, IMF historical data, Trade Data: Mauritanian Customs historical data, Demographic Data: National Statistical Office Mauritania, Geographic Data: National Meteorological Service, Historical Data: Central Bank of Mauritania archives
- Last Updated: 2025
- Note: DISCONTINUED CURRENCY: The old Mauritanian ouguiya (MRO) was replaced by the new ouguiya (MRU) on January 1, 2018, at a rate of 10 MRO = 1 MRU.